OP is including writing “wash me” in the dust on the rear window in “vandalism”.

Did they say so in a comment?
I don’t see it in the OP post.

Anyway, I don’t think of selective cleaning when I hear vandalism.
And I agree with the previous comment, that destroying property is not the moral thing to do.

They’re not sold as ‘hot dogs’ but I’m pretty sure there isn’t a place in Germany where plain old bratwurst in a plain old bun isn’t a thing.

The standard hotdog you can find in Germany consists of a bun and sausage with ketchup, mustard, crispy onions, pickles and sometimes cole slaw.

Where would that be the “standard”?
The most common sausage in a bun combination is just sausage, bun, ketchup/mustard.
Unless you’re specifically talking about restaurants that have an item called “Hot Dog” on their menu, which in turn is rather rare.

I’m not entirely sure, what you’re advocating for.

There are Turkish supermarkets, restaurants, döner stalls, and barbers all over the place.

I also know a Turkish electrician, but I’ll go to him when I need an electrician, not when I need a Turk.

While it’s a commendable attitude for one person, trying to solve systematic issues by appealing to individuals does not work.
That is exactly what governments and legislature are for.

Hyperinflation is typically caused when you’re printing money to buy foreign currency as a means of servicing foreign debt as was the case in Weimar era Germany.
The increased supply lowers exchange rates, which in turn means you need to print more money.

As long as you have free economic capacity domestically, spending money for it to be used won’t cause hyperinflation.

Afaik some countries have dropped reserve requirements altogether.
Loans can be given out as long as the recipient is credit worthy.

I think what they meant was that all wars need to be supported by the economy.
It’s not enough to have soldiers, you also have to supply and feed them.

A youth justice system is for dealing with kids and teens who shoplift, or break noise ordinances, or run away from home, or abuse illicit substances, or any number of “boundary exploring” behaviors.

A youth justice system is not the appropriate venue for dealing with “kids” so lacking in moral fiber as to deliberately and maliciously kill another person.

If you’re distinguishing by the type of offense instead of by age, you don’t have a youth justice system, you have a minor offense justice system.
Distinguishing by the severity of the offense is already part of the justice system.
Youth justice systems explicitly consider the age and maturity of the offender, not just what they did.
Also I’m not sure why a 15-year-old is a kid in one of your examples and a “kid” in the other.

The tolerance we have for “youthful indiscretion” does not and should not extend to this degree of violence. A youth justice system is not an appropriate venue for those determined to be fundamentally irredeemable.

This is not about tolerating behavior, it’s about reforming people to become members of society instead of lifelong burdens for the justice system.
Despite the severity of his action, brandishing kids as “irredeemable” not only throws away their entire future but also burdens everyone else with keeping them contained forever.
That profits nobody.

That is interesting to know but I feel that Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences is a bit long and the distinction is not really that meaningful.

Either the research is good or it isn’t.
People keep attacking the price simply because it was not sponsored by Nobel himself as if only that direct connection to him transferred some sense of divine truthfulness to the other Nobel prizes that this one lacks.

Meh, not everyone speaks Arabic and there are probably people who don’t know that the Sahara is a desert.

Minor redundancies are a small price to share information with a wider audience.

And this is when the topic was published by a newspaper.
If memory serves, the fist scientific publications were from the 1880s.

Ask any black soccer player

Not the best example if you want to argue that it’s not about skin color, tbh.

“White” has always been more about fitting a certain narrative than a specific shade of skin.

Replace “White” with “Racism” and you’re on the money.
Whiteness has always been more important in the US that in Europe. People here have always been surrounded by other “white” nationalities and cultures that they could still be racist against.
Of all the things people say about Roma, them not being classified as white is one I have never heard.

I mean using your real name does not depend on the platform you’re using but more on how you’re using it.
Pretty sure the majority of reddit users do not post under their real name and you could use a pseudonym on facebook if you wanted to.
Zuckerberg isn’t going to check your ID when you sign up.

Your data isn’t really more private on the fediverse, is it?
Everything you post is shared with myriad instances.
You might not end up just handing it to some large tech corp but you also give up any remnant of control over it.

Ja, passt schon

In Germany, individual plug-in panels sell for as low as 200 euros, or about $217, at big box stores. Complete sets, including mountings, an inverter and cables, are about twice that cost.