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Joined 7 months ago
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Cake day: April 12th, 2026

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  • In Finland there is no requirement to have an ID card. And within the Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland), citizens of Nordic countries are allowed to roam without any ID whatsoever. There is a requirement that I must be able to prove my identity, however, and that can mean some hassle with having to visit a police station for many hours in that country, so it’s advisable to just have at least some form of ID card on you. Also, Finland is basically an island and the ship companies to Sweden require you to prove your identity with a government-issued ID card or passport.

    And then there’s Denmark, which often requires you to have a passport in order to cross the country’s border. But I am allowed to exist in Denmark as a Finnish person without any form of passport or ID. Just not cross the border :D

    In Finland you can also vote without an ID if you are able to prove your identity in some other manner. For example, if you’ve got someone with you that can vouch for you being you and has some way to prove their identity.



  • That depends completely on the country. There can be very big differences!

    In Finland it works so that you go to some company that will take a photo of you and uploads it to the police’s database. Then you go to the web site of the police, log in using your online banking passwords and apply for the new ID card or passport. The site might say “visiting the police station required”, in which case you must go physically to a police station to show your face. That was necessary for example when I was getting the first passports for my children. Or if you have no previous ID.

    The new ID card or passport is delivered to the nearest R-Kioski (think Seven-Eleven) and you get it from there by showing your previous ID. If it’s your first ID, you probably need to get it in person at the police station when it’s ready.

    USA has a rule that people can visit it visa-free only if they are from a country where passports and ID cards are renewed every 5 years or more often. Therefore, in EU the passports must be renewed every 5 years instead of every 10 years like it is in USA, where US laws regarding this do not apply.

    Taking the photo typically costs about 25 €, the actual document is something like 50 or 60 €. So, altogether about 75 € or so.

    And the official instructions for how to apply for an ID card are here: https://poliisi.fi/en/how-to-apply-for-an-identity-card







  • trying to develop the best intercompatible standard on the open market.

    How would you, actually, achieve this? How would the open market develop a good intercompatible standard that then everyone would use?
    This is the approach taken with the automatic cargo wagon couplers, the transition been going on for about four decades now and there are basically zero results. The open market cannot seem to achieve any results whatsoever. There’s always some company that does its own thing. Such as Apple was with phone chargers.

    it is generally a bad idea to mandate a specific technology

    Why is it a bad idea? Can you give any examples of where it has been a bad idea? I can recognize a case where it was a very good idea: USB-C.


  • For anyone interested in some details, here are two videos demonstrating the braking ability of this type of train.

    Firstly, here’s a video showing the place of the accident: https://youtu.be/2-dxeLSmMXs&t=2231s
    At spot 37:28 the accident spot is passed. It’s only at 37:21 that the spot becomes properly visible well enough for the driver to understand the other train is on his track. So, he had some seven seconds to slow down.

    And here’s a video showing how that type of train decelerates in a full braking: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VuJpg0EcS5M
    The accident train was an export version of the German ICE3 train, and this video is about an ICE train. Check how much the train is able to slow down in 7 seconds from various speeds. For example, from 300 km/h it slows down to “only” about 275 km/h in those 7 seconds. If the train has been running a bit slower, then of course there were a couple more seconds of time to slow down, but that still doesn’t help super much.